Rehabilitation Counselors and Educators Journal (2026)
Authors: Jina Chun, Sang Qin, Kyesha Isadore, Muharrem Koc, Cassie Xu, Hamsaa Kaarthik
Abstract: Disability disclosure is a complex and consequential decision-making process, shaped by personal and social factors such as stigma, visibility, and severity of one’s condition. Understanding how these factors influence disclosure behaviors is essential for developing supportive environments for individuals with disabilities. This study examined how disability severity, visibility, and anticipated stigma affect key dimensions of disclosure—motivations, emotional state, and anticipated outcomes. Participants (N = 221) with chronic illnesses and disabilities completed an online survey. Analyses included chi-squared tests, logistic regressions, t-tests, and ANOVAs. Findings indicated that higher severity predicted greater visibility and anticipated stigma. Disclosure was more often driven by autonomy and social connection. Participants with more severe disabilities and those anticipating stigma reported more anxiety and regret, and less confidence and empowerment. These results highlight the importance of individualized support and stigma reduction strategies to foster more positive disclosure experiences and outcomes.